a review of effects and consequences

Mental health awareness has increased dramatically (Hahn et al., 2023; Henderson, Potts and Robinson, 2020), particularly over the past two decades; however, mental health outcomes, especially among adolescents, do not appear to have improved and may have worsened (Haslam, 2016; Foulkes and Andrews, 2023). Data from the UK specifically shows rising rates among children and young people: prevalence has risen sharply, with around 1 in 5 now experiencing a probable mental health disorder, up significantly from roughly 1 in 10 in the early 2000s and 2010s (Number of children with mental disorders continues to rise, states NHS Digital, 2019).

The authors of this paper (Lucy Foulkes et al, 2026) outlined the goals of mental…